Minimal – Trade Fair Hall

Three works on three walls, each 28 metres wide

VisualisationStageFree spatial study

Visualisation of a fictional space – not a realised project.

A trade fair hall of 100 × 80 metres. Three walls, three works from the Minimal series: “Gegenlauf” on the end wall, “Reihe” and “Puls” on the sides – each 28 × 16 metres, each on four large-format projectors.

The three images enclose the visitors on three sides; the bottom edge lies at two metres, and the projections reach almost to the steel lattice structure of the roof. Each wall carries its own work video, distributed across a grid of 2 × 2 projections. The colours of the three works mix on the floor of the hall.

Around 250 visitors move through the field between the walls; the back of the hall remains open. One stands not in front of an image but in the midst of a constellation – the works answer one another across 80 metres.

Technical details

What it takes to build this space: dimensions, equipment, brightness.

Six Panasonic PT-RQ35K2 projectors with ET-D3LEW200 / ET-D3LEW201 lenses (short-throw zoom), 30,500 lumens each, hang from cross trusses. Each partial image measures 14.00 × 7.88 m with its bottom edge at 9.88 m; the throw distance is 11.60 m (throw ratio 0.83:1, lens shift -58% vertical). Calculated luminance on the wall: approx. 88 cd/m². Six Panasonic PT-RQ35K2 projectors with ET-D3LEW300 lenses (wide-angle zoom), 30,500 lumens each, hang from cross trusses. Each partial image measures 14.00 × 7.88 m with its bottom edge at 2.00 m; the throw distance is 13.00 m (throw ratio 0.93:1, lens shift -158% vertical). Calculated luminance on the wall: approx. 88 cd/m². Alternatives, price range and all dimensions per device are listed in the equipment list; floor plan, section and axonometric view show the projection cones.

Room

The room of the scenario and how the images are placed in it.

Room: trade fair hall with steel lattice roof, three walls with projections
Configuration: three works on three walls, each on 2 × 2 large-format projectors
Visitors (approx.): 250

Room	Width	Depth	Height
Exhibition hall	100 m	80 m	20 m

Projection

How the images are created: equipment, image size, distance and mounting.

6 × Projector

14 m × 7.88 m per image

Bottom edge: 9.88 m
Distance: 11.6 m
Throw ratio: 0.83 : 1
Lens shift: -58 % vertical
Mounting: on the truss

6 × Projector

14 m × 7.88 m per image

Bottom edge: 2 m
Distance: 13 m
Throw ratio: 0.93 : 1
Lens shift: -158 % vertical
Mounting: on the truss

All partial images belong to one picture – one computer outputs them simultaneously and frame-accurately.

Real time and interaction

The film shows a recording. In the installation the work is computed live – and can respond to the space and its visitors.

Computation: live, in real time, on a high-end computer with a powerful 3D graphics card, NVIDIA RTX 4070 or higher; with many image surfaces also with several graphics cards
Output: all projectors in a room from one computer, as coordinated zones rather than separate videos
Interaction: 3D LiDAR scanners capture people and movement in the space; the work can respond to them
Fitting: mapping to the actual architecture – edges, columns, ceilings and floors

Brightness

Whether the image will be bright enough: luminance achieved against the target value. The line in the bar marks the target value.

6 × Panasonic PT-RQ35K2bright enough

Luminance: 88 cd/m²
Target value: 60 cd/m²
required luminous flux: 27,016 lm
Luminous flux: 30,500 lm

6 × Panasonic PT-RQ35K2bright enough

Luminance: 88 cd/m²
Target value: 60 cd/m²
required luminous flux: 27,016 lm
Luminous flux: 30,500 lm

Equipment

The reference devices used for the calculations. Devices of the same class are equally suitable.

Panasonic PT-RQ35K2

Lens: ET-D3LEW200 / ET-D3LEW201 (Kurzdistanz-Zoom)
Luminous flux: 30,500 lm
Weight: 69.8 kg

Alternatives (3)

Model	Lens	Luminous flux	Luminance
Panasonic PT-RQ35K2	ET-D3LEW300 (Weitwinkel-Zoom)	30,500 lm	88 cd/m²
Barco UDX-4K40 FLEX	R9862001 TLD+ 90 Grad ST (0.65-0.85), am UDX-4K 0,72-0,94	40,000 lm	115 cd/m²
Barco QDX-4K45	R9862001 TLD+ 90 Grad ST (0.65-0.85), am QDX-4K 0,67-0,88	45,000 lm	130 cd/m²

Panasonic PT-RQ35K2

Lens: ET-D3LEW300 (Weitwinkel-Zoom)
Luminous flux: 30,500 lm
Weight: 69.8 kg

Alternatives (3)

Model	Lens	Luminous flux	Luminance
Panasonic PT-RQ35K2	ET-D3LEW600 (Weitwinkel-Zoom)	30,500 lm	88 cd/m²
Panasonic PT-RQ35K2	ET-D3LEW60 / ET-D75LE6 (Weitwinkel-Zoom)	30,500 lm	88 cd/m²
Barco UDX-4K40 FLEX	R9801414 TLD+ (0.8-1.16), am UDX-4K 0,92-1,33	40,000 lm	115 cd/m²

Price range and equipment list on request.

Drawings

Axonometric view, floor plan and section show the space and the projection cones.

Minimal – Trade Fair Hall — Axonometric view — **Axonometric view** · not to scale

Minimal – Trade Fair Hall — Floor plan — **Floor plan**

Minimal – Trade Fair Hall — Section — **Section** · not to scale

Glossary

Real time: The image is recomputed at every moment, about 60 times per second, instead of being played back as a finished video.
3D LiDAR scanner: Scans the space with laser light and captures people and movement in three dimensions – the basis of the interaction.
High-end computer: A computer with a powerful 3D graphics card – NVIDIA RTX 4070 or higher – that computes the image live and drives all projectors at once.
Mapping: Fits the projection to the actual geometry of the space so that image and architecture meet exactly.
Throw ratio: Distance divided by image width. At 0.8 : 1, the projector for an image 6 m wide stands 4.8 m away.
Lens shift: Shifts the image within the lens without tilting the projector – so it stays rectangular.
Luminous flux: How much light the projector emits, in lumens.
Luminance: How bright the image surface appears to the eye, in candelas per square metre. In a dark room, about 60 is enough.
Bottom edge: The height of the bottom edge of the image above the floor.
Synchronised output: Several projectors show parts of the same image; one computer outputs them simultaneously – computed live or as video.