Minimal Ring – Hangar

A panorama 54 metres wide in an aircraft hangar

VisualisationStageFree spatial study

Visualisation of a fictional space – not a realised project.

An aircraft hangar of 120 × 80 metres at night. On the rear wall, “Kreuz” from the Minimal Ring series runs as a band across three large-format projectors – 54 metres wide, a wall of light beneath deep roof trusses.

A wide band is cut from the centre of the work video and distributed seamlessly across three projections. The bottom edge lies at six metres; above it, four-metre-high lattice trusses span the entire depth of the hall. Dimmed hall lights on the trusses leave the roof and sheet-metal walls just legible; the hangar door stands open to the night.

More than 200 visitors stand in front of the wall; behind them, the empty floor of the hall opens up. The colour fields of the ring tint the floor, door and structure – the hangar becomes the resonating space of the work.

Technical details

What it takes to build this space: dimensions, equipment, brightness.

Three Barco QDX-4K45 projectors with R9862001 TLD+ 90° ST lenses (0.65-0.85), 0.67-0.88 on the QDX-4K, 45,000 lumens each, hang from cross trusses. Each partial image measures 18.00 × 10.13 m with its bottom edge at 6.00 m; the throw distance is 15.00 m (throw ratio 0.83:1, lens shift -56% vertical). Calculated luminance on the wall: approx. 79 cd/m². Alternatives, price range and all dimensions per device are listed in the equipment list; floor plan, section and axonometric view show the projection cones.

Room

The room of the scenario and how the images are placed in it.

Room: aircraft hangar with open door, lattice trusses and dimmed hall lighting
Configuration: three landscape images side by side from one video (band from the centre of the image)
Visitors (approx.): 230

Room	Width	Depth	Height
Hangar	120 m	80 m	30 m

Projection

How the images are created: equipment, image size, distance and mounting.

3 × Projector

18 m × 10.13 m per image

Bottom edge: 6 m
Distance: 15 m
Throw ratio: 0.83 : 1
Lens shift: -56 % vertical
Mounting: on the truss

All partial images belong to one picture – one computer outputs them simultaneously and frame-accurately.

Real time and interaction

The film shows a recording. In the installation the work is computed live – and can respond to the space and its visitors.

Computation: live, in real time, on a high-end computer with a powerful 3D graphics card, NVIDIA RTX 4070 or higher; with many image surfaces also with several graphics cards
Output: all projectors in a room from one computer, as coordinated zones rather than separate videos
Interaction: 3D LiDAR scanners capture people and movement in the space; the work can respond to them
Fitting: mapping to the actual architecture – edges, columns, ceilings and floors

Brightness

Whether the image will be bright enough: luminance achieved against the target value. The line in the bar marks the target value.

3 × Barco QDX-4K45bright enough

Luminance: 79 cd/m²
Target value: 60 cd/m²
required luminous flux: 44,659 lm
Luminous flux: 45,000 lm

Equipment

The reference devices used for the calculations. Devices of the same class are equally suitable.

Barco QDX-4K45

Lens: R9862001 TLD+ 90 Grad ST (0.65-0.85), am QDX-4K 0,67-0,88
Luminous flux: 45,000 lm
Weight: 77.5 kg

Alternatives (3)

Model	Lens	Luminous flux	Luminance
Barco UDX-4K40 FLEX	R9862001 TLD+ 90 Grad ST (0.65-0.85), am UDX-4K 0,72-0,94	2 × 40,000 lm	140 cd/m²
Panasonic PT-RQ35K2	ET-D3LEW300 (Weitwinkel-Zoom)	2 × 30,500 lm	107 cd/m²
Panasonic PT-RQ35K2	ET-D3LEW200 / ET-D3LEW201 (Kurzdistanz-Zoom)	2 × 30,500 lm	107 cd/m²

Price range and equipment list on request.

Drawings

Axonometric view, floor plan and section show the space and the projection cones.

Minimal Ring – Hangar — Axonometric view — **Axonometric view** · not to scale

Minimal Ring – Hangar — Floor plan — **Floor plan**

Minimal Ring – Hangar — Section — **Section** · not to scale

Glossary

Real time: The image is recomputed at every moment, about 60 times per second, instead of being played back as a finished video.
3D LiDAR scanner: Scans the space with laser light and captures people and movement in three dimensions – the basis of the interaction.
High-end computer: A computer with a powerful 3D graphics card – NVIDIA RTX 4070 or higher – that computes the image live and drives all projectors at once.
Mapping: Fits the projection to the actual geometry of the space so that image and architecture meet exactly.
Throw ratio: Distance divided by image width. At 0.8 : 1, the projector for an image 6 m wide stands 4.8 m away.
Lens shift: Shifts the image within the lens without tilting the projector – so it stays rectangular.
Luminous flux: How much light the projector emits, in lumens.
Luminance: How bright the image surface appears to the eye, in candelas per square metre. In a dark room, about 60 is enough.
Bottom edge: The height of the bottom edge of the image above the floor.
Synchronised output: Several projectors show parts of the same image; one computer outputs them simultaneously – computed live or as video.